Shopping on line can be easy, simple and save you lots of money. It can also take a lot of your time, frustrate you, and result in unwanted purchases. Now the same can be said for regular high street shopping, but with the vast opportunity presented by the Internet it will pay you to spend a few minutes reading this and understanding how to better optimize your Fort William And Mary shopping experience:
1. Compare - without doubt the biggest advantage that the Fort William And Mary offers shoppers today is the ability to compare thousands of Fort William And Mary at a time. This is a great thing, but not necessarily all the time! Too much can be daunting at times so take advantage of the great comparison sites and where possible let them do the hard work for you.
2. Research - if it has been said it will be on the internet. Ignorance is no longer a justifiable reason for buying the wrong thing. Take the time to research in detail everything that you could possible want to know about
3. Testimonials - don't know anybody that has bought a Fort William And Mary? Wrong! If the Fort William And Mary is good the internet will let you know. Use the Internet as a friend and get testimonials before you buy.
4. Questions - Got a question about Fort William And Mary then search the Forums, FAQ's, Blogs etc. Don't be afraid to ask .....
5. Reputation - Never heard of the company selling Fort William And Mary? Don't worry, no reason why you should know every company in the world, but you know someone that does! Use the internet to find out what people are saying about Fort William And Mary and build up a picture of their reputation for sales, returns, customer service, delivery etc.
6. Returns - still worried that even after all of the above your Fort William And Mary wont be what you want? Check out the returns policy. There is so much competition now that someone, somewhere is bound to offer the terms that you are comfortable with.
7. Feedback - happy with your Fort William And Mary then let people know, after all you are depending on others people input in your buying decision, so why not give a little back.
8. Security - check for the yellow padlock on the Fort William And Mary site before you buy, and the s after http:/ /i.e. https:// = a secure site
9. Contact - got a question about Fort William And Mary, or want to leave a comment then check out the sites contact page. Reputable companies have them and respond.
10. Payment - ready to pay for your Fort William And Mary, then use your credit card or PayPal! Be aware of companies that don't accept them, there may be genuine reasons but given the huge amount of choice you have when buying online there is no reason at all not to buy via credit card or PayPal.
{{Infobox nrhp | name =Fort Constitution | nrhp_type =nrhp
| image =
| caption =
| location= [New Castle, New Hampshire
| lat_degrees = 43
| lat_minutes = 4
| lat_seconds = 16.75
| lat_direction = N
| long_degrees = 70
| long_minutes = 42
| long_seconds = 36.74
| long_direction = W
| locmapin = New Hampshire
| mapwidth = 220
| area =
| built =1774
| added =
July 09, [
| governing_body = State
| refnum=73000169{{cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2007-01-23|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service-->
-->
Fort William and Mary was a colonial defensive post at
New Castle, New Hampshire, New Hampshire. First fortified in 1632 on the island of New Castle at the mouth of the
Piscataqua River estuary, the fort guarded access to the harbor at
Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
On
December 14, 1774, a local mob of several hundred from the Portsmouth area, led by
John Langdon, stormed the post and seized the powder, which was distributed through several New Hampshire towns for the use of the local militia.
1774 raid
Fort William and Mary was the only military post in the Portsmouth area and was normally used only to store supplies and during militia training or drills. But, as tensions increased before the American Revolutionary War, Frederick North, Lord North ministry had cautioned the colonial governors to secure arms, powder, and shot. Accordingly, in the summer of 1774 Governor John Wentworth (governor) installed a small garrison to guard it. Then on October 19, George III of England forbade the export of arms and powder to America. Like North's orders, this was kept confidential but word reached the colonies.
The port at
Boston, Massachusetts had been closed and the city occupied. The Portsmouth Committees of Safety and Correspondence were aware that powder and shot had been seized elsewhere, including a recent action in Rhode Island. There were rumors that additional naval and troop support were expected from Boston, and might be used to expand the regular army's occupation. Then on
December 13, Paul Revere brought word that the rumors of expected troops were true.
The next day, John Langdon made his way through Portsmouth with a drummer. When he had collected a crowd, he spoke to them. About 40 then joined him to take the powder from the fort. A single volley rang from the fort and was answered by some shots from the crowd, but there were no injuries. They stormed into the fort, quickly overwhelming the British Captain Cochran and his garrison of five men. Breaking into the magazine, they removed 72 barrels of powder.
One day later, additional rebel forces came from throughout the colony, led by John Sullivan. They first surrounded the governor's home, but he gave in to their demands and violence was averted. That evening, on
December 15, they returned to the fort, and removed all of the arms and supplies and some cannons.
Aftermath
Despite his assurances, Governor Wentworth had asked Boston for help, and the frigate
Scarborough arrived on
December 19 to assure his control with 40 guns and 100 marines. But by the summer of 1775, the governor and his family had to take refuge in the fort. Finally giving up, the British dismantled the fort and took any remaining equipment back to Boston, along with Governor Wentworth.The captured supplies were later used by
New Hampshire's forces in the
Siege of Boston.
Fort Constitution
The state gave Frost Point, on which Fort William and Mary stands, to the Federal government in 1791 to protect Portsmouth. In 1800, the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard was estabished upriver on Fernald's Island (now part of Seavey's Island), and the fort was rebuilt. Walls were doubled in height, and new brick buildings added. Work was completed in 1808, when the defense was renamed Fort Constitution. On
July 4, 1809, an accidental explosion marred the Independence Day (United States) celebration at the fort, killing a number of soldiers and civilians. It was manned and expanded during the
War of 1812. On a nearby small hill was added Walbach Tower, a Martello tower built in 1814.
During the
American Civil War, Fort Constitution was again rebuilt as a three-tier granite fortress. But advances in weaponry, particularly armored, steam-powered warships with heavy guns, rendered the masonry design obsolete before it was finished. Like several others of the period, it was left incomplete. In 1897, construction began on Battery Farnsworth, located under the hill on which Walbach Tower stands. Named for Brigadier General
Elon J. Farnsworth, the installation included two 8-inch
breech-loading rifles on disappearing carriages. Given back to the state in 1961, Fort Constitution State Park was listed on the
National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and is today open to the public.
External links
- Additional information at the University of New Hampshire
- Fort Constitution Historic Site
- Concord Monitor Article; Sept. 20, 2005
- For more information about the 1809 explosion, see http://www.newenglandancestors.org/publications/NEA/8-3_011_Benedetto.asp
{{Infobox nrhp | name =Fort Constitution | nrhp_type =nrhp
| image =
| caption =
| location= [New Castle, New Hampshire
| lat_degrees = 43
| lat_minutes = 4
| lat_seconds = 16.75
| lat_direction = N
| long_degrees = 70
| long_minutes = 42
| long_seconds = 36.74
| long_direction = W
| locmapin = New Hampshire
| mapwidth = 220
| area =
| built =1774
| added = July 09, [
| governing_body = State
| refnum=73000169{{cite web|url=http://www.nr.nps.gov/|title=National Register Information System|date=2007-01-23|work=National Register of Historic Places|publisher=National Park Service-->
-->
Fort William and Mary was a colonial defensive post at
New Castle, New Hampshire,
New Hampshire. First fortified in 1632 on the island of New Castle at the mouth of the
Piscataqua River estuary, the fort guarded access to the harbor at Portsmouth, New Hampshire.
On December 14,
1774, a local mob of several hundred from the Portsmouth area, led by John Langdon, stormed the post and seized the powder, which was distributed through several New Hampshire towns for the use of the local militia.
1774 raid
Fort William and Mary was the only military post in the Portsmouth area and was normally used only to store supplies and during militia training or drills. But, as tensions increased before the
American Revolutionary War,
Frederick North, Lord North ministry had cautioned the colonial governors to secure arms, powder, and shot. Accordingly, in the summer of 1774 Governor
John Wentworth (governor) installed a small garrison to guard it. Then on October 19,
George III of England forbade the export of arms and powder to America. Like North's orders, this was kept confidential but word reached the colonies.
The port at Boston, Massachusetts had been closed and the city occupied. The Portsmouth Committees of Safety and Correspondence were aware that powder and shot had been seized elsewhere, including a recent action in Rhode Island. There were rumors that additional naval and troop support were expected from Boston, and might be used to expand the regular army's occupation. Then on
December 13, Paul Revere brought word that the rumors of expected troops were true.
The next day, John Langdon made his way through Portsmouth with a drummer. When he had collected a crowd, he spoke to them. About 40 then joined him to take the powder from the fort. A single volley rang from the fort and was answered by some shots from the crowd, but there were no injuries. They stormed into the fort, quickly overwhelming the British Captain Cochran and his garrison of five men. Breaking into the magazine, they removed 72 barrels of powder.
One day later, additional rebel forces came from throughout the colony, led by
John Sullivan. They first surrounded the governor's home, but he gave in to their demands and violence was averted. That evening, on December 15, they returned to the fort, and removed all of the arms and supplies and some cannons.
Aftermath
Despite his assurances, Governor Wentworth had asked Boston for help, and the frigate
Scarborough arrived on
December 19 to assure his control with 40 guns and 100
marines. But by the summer of 1775, the governor and his family had to take refuge in the fort. Finally giving up, the British dismantled the fort and took any remaining equipment back to Boston, along with Governor Wentworth.The captured supplies were later used by
New Hampshire's forces in the
Siege of Boston.
Fort Constitution
The state gave Frost Point, on which Fort William and Mary stands, to the Federal government in 1791 to protect Portsmouth. In 1800, the
Portsmouth Naval Shipyard was estabished upriver on Fernald's Island (now part of Seavey's Island), and the fort was rebuilt. Walls were doubled in height, and new brick buildings added. Work was completed in 1808, when the defense was renamed Fort Constitution. On July 4, 1809, an accidental explosion marred the
Independence Day (United States) celebration at the fort, killing a number of soldiers and civilians. It was manned and expanded during the
War of 1812. On a nearby small hill was added Walbach Tower, a
Martello tower built in 1814.
During the American Civil War, Fort Constitution was again rebuilt as a three-tier
granite fortress. But advances in weaponry, particularly armored, steam-powered warships with heavy guns, rendered the masonry design obsolete before it was finished. Like several others of the period, it was left incomplete. In 1897, construction began on Battery Farnsworth, located under the hill on which Walbach Tower stands. Named for Brigadier General Elon J. Farnsworth, the installation included two 8-inch breech-loading rifles on disappearing carriages. Given back to the state in 1961, Fort Constitution State Park was listed on the
National Register of Historic Places in 1973, and is today open to the public.
External links
- Additional information at the University of New Hampshire
- Fort Constitution Historic Site
- Concord Monitor Article; Sept. 20, 2005
- For more information about the 1809 explosion, see http://www.newenglandancestors.org/publications/NEA/8-3_011_Benedetto.asp